MOBILE COMPUTING
WAHLPFLICHTFACH BLACKBERRY
Sommersemester 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Andre Pura
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
OVERVIEW
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Introduction
BlackBerry Enterprise Server
Basics in BB10 and IDE
BlackBerry 10 Concepts
Cascades
GUI
Invocation Framework
Cards
Menu-Integration
Data Storage
Communication
Location Services
More ...
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INTRODUCTION: BB10
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WHAT IS BLACKBERRY10 (BB10)
• BlackBerry 10 is an operation system for
mobile devices
• Based on QNX
• QNX was bought in 2010 by BlackBerry
(vormals Research in Motion)
• Micro Kernel Betriebssystem
• First used by BlackBerry in the BlackBerry
PlayBook (BlackBerry Tablet OS)
Quelle: http://www.qnx.com
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DIFFERENCE TO MONOLITHIC KERNEL
• Most components run in their own processes
• Each process runs in its own area
Monolithic Kernel
Memory of Process B
Process A
Process B
Process A
Process B
Micro Kernel
Close process
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Quelle: Embedded systems security, by Kleidermacher and
Kleidermacher, Elsevier 2012
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
• Advantages
– If a component crashes, the system stays alive
– Drivers must not be a part of the kernel
• Disadvantages
– Performance, a lot of context changes are
necessarly
– Synchronize of the processes
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DIFFERENCE TO OTHER PLATFORMS
• Competitors:
– iOS
– Android
– Windows Phone
– Symbian
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DIFFERENCE TO OTHER PLATFORMS
Android
iOS
BlackBerry OS
BlackBerry 10
Windows
Phone
Symbian
Language
Java, C++
Objective C
Java ME, C++
C#
C++, Java ME
Models
900+
11
60+
21
1000+
Available
Apps (Feb.
2013)
845 000+
770 000+
100 000+
120 000+
115 000+
Advantages
Open Source, A few devices,
a lot of
Good API
examples and
code
Good support,
fast growing
market
Small
High market
amount of
penetration
Apps, good
support, few
devices
Disadvantag
es
Many apps, a
lot of
different
devices
Small API,
documentation
Low market
penetration
• Unterschied zu anderen Plattformen
Many Apps,
restrictive
market policy
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A lot of
differnt
devices
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BLACKBERRY10 PLATFORM
• Up to now, you had to use Java to develop for
BlackBerry
• Now:
Android Emulator
Adobe Air
Cascades / QT
HTML 5
Native / C++
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/develop/platform_choice/index.html
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THE „OTHERS“
• HTML
– Webworks, JavaScript and HTML based
• Adobe Air
– Actionscript / Flex based
• Android Emulator
– Java/Android based, Android 2.3.3
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CASCADES VS NATIVE
Cascades
• QT/C++
• A lot of BB10 APIs
• Fast development
• GUI is seperated from
logic
Native
• Fast porting of existing
C++ / openGL
applications
• Longer development
process
• Pure „code“
• POSIX compliance
• Simple integration of
OpenSource Libraries
Quelle: https://developer.blackberry.com/develop/platform_choice/ndk.html
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CASCADES
• Supported by tat
• Integrated Animations
• Interface to Photoshop
– Direct export from Photoshop to QML
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Simple communication with C++ classes
Native Multi-Language support
Qt integragted
Eclipse GUI Plugin
Hard to port applications
A little bit less performance than pure native
More information:
https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/
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Ing. Elmar Jilka, MSc
BLACKBERRY ENTERPRISE SERVER
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BASICS: BB10 PROGRAMMING AND GUI
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COMPONENTS OF A BB10 CASCADES
APPLICATION
• A Cascades Application has 3 parts:
– bar-descriptor.xml
– main.cpp
– .qml File
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DAS BAR-DESCRIPTOR.XML
• Descriptes the basics of an application
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Name
ID
Versionsnumber
Author
Plattform
Icon
Splashscreen
Application Files
Permissions
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MAIN.CPP
• Startpoint of each BB10 Cascades Application
• It can consist of the application itself or call an
object, inherit from application
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.QML LAYOUT FILE
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A QML File describes a layout
Save it in the assets folder
A layout should have at least one component
Define the mayor layout in the first file
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FLOW
• User is king !
• Organize the information in a logical
way
• What will the user do next ?
• Adapt the menu to the current
screen
• Invoke other applications and
funcitons
• Use shortcuts
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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BASIC ELEMENTS
• BB10 has 2 typical sctructures
– Tabs
– Drill-Down (Navigation Pane)
• It is possible to combine both
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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TABS
• Using tabs, it is
possible to access
screens directly
• 4 Tabs can be placed
on the bottom bar
• There is more space
in the sidebar
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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DRILL-DOWN
• Drill-Down (Navigation Pane) a hierachical
structure of screens
• Screens are pushed over each other
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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RESOLUTIONS
?
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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HANDLING DIFFERENT RESOLUTIONS (10.1)
Verschiedene
Auflösungen
Ein Layout für
alle
Pro Auflösung ein
Layout
Anpassung per
relativem Layout
Ordner mit
Layout für
Scrollview
720x720
Dynamische
Skalierung
1280x768
1280x720
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KEYBOARD
• There are physical
(Q10) and virtual
keyboards
• Since 10.1 both types
should be supported
• Use shortcuts for
physical keyboards
• Think about the space
for a virtual keyboard
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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BASICS
• Everything in QML is possible in C++
• But not everytihng in C++ is possible in QML
• Simple GUI Elements:
– Button
– Label
– TextField
– CheckBox
– ToggleButton
– Slider
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GENERATE THE GUI
• Using QML
• Using C++
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CASCADES EVENT SYSTEM
• Signals & Slots (Qt based)
• Every GUI interaction emits a Signal, which
can be connected to n slots
Slot
Click on Button
Signal
Slot
N obects,
Are connected to
a signal
Slot
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LAYOUTS
• There are threee kinds of layouts
Stack Layout
Dock Layout
Absolute Layout
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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QML AND C++ INTEGRATION
• Load QML from C++
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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CHANGE QML ATTRIBUTES
PROGRAMMATICALLY
• It is simple to change QML attributes from C++
QML
Code
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QML ATTRIBUTES
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USING C++ VALUES IN QML
• Connection with a QDeclarativePropertyMap
Registrier the Map
in QML
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ACCESS CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
Macro for Qt Signals / Slots
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
Variablename in QML
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
Called, when the
variable is read
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
Called, when the
variable is changed
in QML
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• It is possible to acces C++ objects from QML
Signal to emit
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• Es kann auch ein eigenes Objekt in QML
verwendet werden
Signal to emit
Variablename in QML
Called, when the
variable is read
Called, when the
variable is changed
in QML
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML I
• Es kann auch ein eigenes Objekt in QML
verwendet werden
Function used in QML
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ZUGRIFF AUF CUSTOM OBJECTS IN QML II
• Register the C++ object to use it in QML
• It is simple to access values from the object in
QML
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INSTALLATION OF THE IDE
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DOWNLOAD
• SDK download:
– https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/downl
oad
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CODE SIGNING KEYS
• Order Code Signing Keys :
– https://www.blackberry.com/SignedKeys/codesig
ning.html
• Important: Backup the keys !
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SIMULATOR DOWNLOAD AND INSTALL
• Download the simulator
– https://developer.blackberry.com/develop/simula
tor/index.html
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START IDE
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IDE - MENU
Menü
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IDE – DIRECTORIES AND FILES
Projects and
files of the
projects
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IDE – FUNCTIONS AND VARIABLES
Functions and
variables
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IDE - INFORMATION
Information
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IDE - ACTIONS
Actions
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IDE ACTIONS
Choose SDK
Version
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Projekt
kompilieren
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Projekt
kompilieren
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
Konfiguration
ändern
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Projekt
kompilieren
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
Debugging
starten
Konfiguration
ändern
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Projekt
kompilieren
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
Debugging
starten
Konfiguration
ändern
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Ausführen
ohne
Debugging
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IDE ACTIONS
SDK Version
wählen
SDK Version
nachladen
Sicht ändern
Projekt
kompilieren
Neues Projekt,
neue Klasse,
neues Sourcefile
anlegen
Debugging
starten
Konfiguration
ändern
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Ausführen
ohne
Debugging
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IDE - VIEWS
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Application Profiler
QML Editing
C++ Editing
Debug
System Information
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QML EDITOR
Schematic layout
QML Code
Cascades
Components
QML Eigenschaften
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SYSTEM INFORMATION
Code
Target
Target Information
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SYSTEM INFORMATION - SUMMARY
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SYSTEM INFORMATION – PROCESS INFO
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SYSTEM INFORMATION – MEMORY INFO
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SYSTEM INFORMATION – MALLOC INFO
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SYSTEM INFORMATION – FILE EXPLORER
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FIRST BB10 APP
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FIRST APP
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Installation done?
Keys ordered?
Simulator installed?
Device in Developer Mode?
– (Settings / Security and Privacy /
Developermode)
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STEPS
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Create a new project
Signing Keys
Backup the Signing Keys
Connect Device
Create Debug Token
Deploy and debug the application
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CREATE A NEW PROJECT
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CREATE A NEW PROJECT
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CREATE A NEW PROJECT
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SIGNING KEYS AND CERTIFICATE
Unter Windows: Extras -> Einstellungen
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SIGNING KEYS AND CERTIFICATE
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SIGNING KEYS AND CERTIFICATE
Register the Signing
Keys
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SIGNING KEYS AND CERTIFICATE
Generate the
developer certificate
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SIGNING KEYS AND CERTIFICATE - BACKUP
Backup keys
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CONNECT THE DEVICE/SIMULATOR
• Connect the device via Micro USB or start the
simulator
• To start the simulator use VMWare Fusion
• Connect the device with the IDE
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START DEBUGGING
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START DEBUGGING
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START DEBUGGING
Activate and click
apply
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START DEBUGGING
Start Debugging
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START DEBUGGING
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START DEBUGGING
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THE DEBUGGING VIEW OPENS
• Open the device log
messesage
Project ID
Process ID
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APPLICATION STOPS AT THE „BREAK POINT“
• The applications stops at the beginning or the first
break-point
• To resume the application press F8 or the Software key
• Shortcuts:
– F5 : Step Into
– F6 : Step over
– F7 : Step return
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EXC1
• Erzeugen Sie in der „Hello World“ Applikation
ein zweites Textfeld
• Dieses soll in roter Schrift oben-mittig platziert
sein
• Rotieren Sie das erste, schwarze Textfeld um
90° gegen den Uhrzeigersinn
• Geben Sie den Textfeldern IDs:
– lblSchwarz
– lblRot
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MOBILE COMPUTING
WAHLPFLICHTFACH BLACKBERRY
Sommersemester 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Andre Pura
BLACKBERRY 10
CONCEPTS
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USE C++ CLASSES IN QML
• Yesterday, the object was generated in C++ and
used in QML
• But it is also possible to generate an object in
QML
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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USE C++ CLASSES IN QML
• The object must be registered and can be used
in QML directly
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extends
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andre[email protected]
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HOW CAN WE ACCESS C++ FROM QML ?
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HOW CAN WE ACCESS C++ FROM QML ?
1. Create C++ Object in QML
– Register Class in QML, create the object in C++
2. Pass a C++ Object to QML
– Create object in C++, pass it to qml
3. Using the PropertyMap (Gleich 2.)
– Generate a PropertyMap and push it to QML
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HOW CAN WE ACCESS QML FROM C++ ?
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HOW CAN WE ACCESS QML FROM C++ ?
1. C++ Objekt nach QML übergeben
– Objekt in C++ erzeugen, Objekt nach QML
übergeben
2. Property direkt im Code ändern
– Das Objekt aus dem Root-Objekt extrahieren und
die Property setzen
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
• Each application runs through the cyclus
• At the moment it is not possible to generate
an application without a GUI (should be
possible with 10.2)
• An application in the „background“ is alwaysa
visible as an „Active Frame“
• If the permission „run in background“ is
enabled, the „stopped“ state does not exist
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
• Each application has 3 different states:
– Fullscreen
– Thumbnail
– Invisible
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
• Each application has 3 different states:
– Fullscreen
– Thumbnail
– Invisible
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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APPLICATION LIFETIME
• Each application has 3 different states:
– Fullscreen
– Thumbnail
– Invisible
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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CASCADES
JAVASCRIPT
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CASCADES
•
•
•
•
JAVASCRIPT
JavaScript can be used in QML
Inline Code
Using an external library
Usually JavaScript is used to react on signals
Source: http://www.crackberry.com
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JAVASCRIPT IN CASCADES
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INLINE JAVASCRIPT IN CASCADES
Signal
JavaScript
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JAVASCRIPT IN CASCADES - FUNKTION
JavaScript
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JAVASCRIPT IN CASCADES - FUNKTION
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CONNECT A SIGNAL TO A JAVASCRIPT
FUNCTION
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CONNECT A SIGNAL TO A JAVASCRIPT
FUNCTION
Signal
Function
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CONNECT A SIGNAL TO A JAVASCRIPT
FUNCTION
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CONNECT A SIGNAL TO A JAVASCRIPT
FUNCTION
onClicked:{
root.changeTest();
}
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GUI ELEMENTS
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BASICS ON GUI ELEMENTS
• QML Components are
always on the same
level in a container
• Each component can
have properties and
signals
• Use JavaScript to react
on signals
• You can design your
own components
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BASICS ON GUI ELEMENTS
Components
Property
Additional objects
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Component
BASICS ON GUI ELEMENTS
Property
Signal
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GUI ELEMENTS- CONTAINER
• A Container is used to goupe other GUI
elements
• Only a container can have childs
• The alignement of the elements can be
adjusted in a container (Standard:
StackLayout)
• Is a container deleted from a scene, all ist
childs are deleted
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GUI ELEMENTS- CONTAINER
• The size of the container is defined by ist
childs
• Width and height can be modified with:
– preferredWidth, preferredHeight
– minWidth, minHeight
– maxWidth, maxHeight
• Usually the background is tranparent
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GUI ELEMENTS- CONTAINER
• Signals:
– onControlAdded
– onControlReplaced
– onControlRemoved
– onControlMoved
– onLayoutChanged
– onBackgroundChanged
– onClipContentToBoundsChanged
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Components
GUI ELEMENTS- CONTAINER
Attached objects
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GUI ELEMENTS- LABEL
• A label is used to show a short text
• Not interactive
• The visual appearance (z.B. Color) is extended by
AbstractTextControl
• Important properties:
– text
– multiline
• Important signals:
– onMultilineChanged
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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128
GUI ELEMENTS- BUTTON
•
•
•
•
A button is an interactive GUI component
It is used for „click“ actions
Triggers actions
3 different appearances:
– Ein Bild und einen Text
– Nur ein Text
– Nur ein Bild
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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GUI ELEMENTS- BUTTON
• Important signal
– onClicked (extended by AbstractButton)
• Properties
– imageSource
– image
– text
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GUI ELEMENTS- TEXTFIELD
• A TextField is an input field to interact with the
user
• It can be configured for different kinds of
inputs
– eMail Adresse
– Password
– Chat
– Url
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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GUI ELEMENTS- TEXTFIELD
• Important Properties
–
–
–
–
hintText
inputMode
validator
Input (Mit TextInputProperties)
• submitKey
• flags (Spellcheck, PredictionOff)
• Important signals
– onTextChanging
– onValidatorChanged
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GUI ELEMENTS- SLIDER
• A Slider enables the user to select a value from a
defined range
• It is better to use a Slider instead of a TextField
• Intuitive
• Important properties
– fromValue
– toValue
– value
• Important signal
– onValueChanged
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GUI ELEMENTS– SEGMENTED CONTROL
• A horizontal selector for up to 4 different
actions
• Is used to change the view of the current page
• Important property
– selectedIndex
• Important Signal
– onSelectedIndexChanged
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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GUI ELEMENTS– SCROLL VIEW
• A ScrollView is related to the Containers
• It enables scrollig and zooming
• Like all other components, a single element in
a ScrollView is allowed (But you can use a
Container in it)
• Important properties
– content
– scrollViewProperties
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135
GUI ELEMENTS– IMAGEVIEW
• The ImageView is used to display images
• A ScrollView is used for pitch-to-zoom
• Important properties
– scalingMethod
– imageSource
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136
GUI ELEMENTS– WEBVIEW
• There are a lot of use cases, where it is necessary
to show html or load external websites
• It is possible to load locale content and external
content
• Important property
– Html and/or url
• Important signals
– onUrlChanged
– onLoadingChanged
– onMessageReceived
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GUI ELEMENTS– WEBVIEW
• html:
• url:
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GUI ELEMENTS– WEBVIEW
• Cascades can communicate with JavaScript in a
WebView
• JavaScript must be enabled in the WebView
• Messages are used for the communication
• postMessage is used to sent a message to
JavaScript, which is embedded in a WebView
• onMessageReceived is used to receive a message
from an embedded Javascript
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139
GUI ELEMENTS– WEBVIEW
• JavaScript, which is embedded in a WebView,
can react with onmessage() and postMessage
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GUI ELEMENTS– WEBVIEW
• JavaScript, which is embedded in a WebView,
can react with onmessage() and postMessage
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WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO COMMUNICATE
WITH EMBEDDED JAVASCRIPT?
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WARUM MIT JAVASCRIPT KOMMUNIZIEREN?
• Integrate existing content fro the Internet to
the application
• Use native GUI elements to trigger actions on
a webpage
• Using native GUI elements is more intuitve
• Fast Cross-Platform-Developing
– 1 Update for all operation systems
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143
GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIVITY INDICATOR
• An ActivityIndicator is used to inform the user, that a
background thread is working
• It is used (in difference to a progress bar), when the
duration of the loading is unknown
• Important Properties
– running
• Important Signals
– onStarted
– onStopped
• Functions
– Start
– Stop
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIVITY INDICATOR
Initalize the ActivityIndicator
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145
GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIVITY INDICATOR
Initalize the ActivityIndicator
Start the ActivityIndicator
Stop the ActivityIndicator
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146
GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIONITEM
• ActionItems are used to define
additional actions
• These Actions can be for the
whole Page or a specific
component (Context Menu)
• Each Action can be defined
with an icon and a text
• An ActionSet combines actions
to a set
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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147
GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIONITEM CONTEXTACTION
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIONITEM CONTEXTACTION
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GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIONITEM CONTEXTACTION
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GUI ELEMENTS– ACTIONITEM – PAGE ACTION
• ActionItems placed on a Page er used to
define additional actions
• Important properties
– ActionItem.placement
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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151
APPLICATIONMENU
• The Application menu is not directly connected to a
single page
• Usually settings and additional information about the
application can be bound in the menu
• The menu is on the top
• Swipe-down at the top shows/hides the menu
• Important properties of the entries
– title
– imageSource
• Important signal
– onTriggered
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
152
APPLICATIONMENU
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
153
APPLICATIONMENU
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154
ORIENTATION HANDLING
• There are two different orientations:
– Portrait
– Landscape
• Tablets usually use the landscape orientation
• Smartphones usually use the portrait orientation
Hint: Q10:
Portrait == Landscape Mode
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
155
ORIENTATION HANDLING
• Define the usage of both orientations in the
manifest
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
156
ORIENTATION HANDLING
• Define the support in QML to react on
orientation changes
(when the GUI is
loaded)
• Use the OrientationHandler to react on the
orientation change
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157
ORIENTATION HANDLING
• onOrientationAboutToChange in the handler
is used to react on changes
[email protected]
158
ADD GUI ELEMENTS PROGRAMMATICALLY
• In some use cases it is necessary to add GUI
elements programmatically
• Remember: Use containers to add elements
on the same level
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
159
ADD GUI ELEMENTS PROGRAMMATICALLY
• Add a container in QML and define a name for
the obecjt
• Initialize the container in C++ and add the
elements
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160
ADD GUI ELEMENTS PROGRAMMATICALLY
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161
BEISPIEL DER GUI ELEMENTE
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162
EX 1
•
•
•
•
Create a new BlackBerry Cascades Projekt
Create a Button and a Label
Write 0 (zero) in the Label
If the button is clicked, increase the number in
the label by 1
[email protected]
163
EX 1
• Write a function in JavaScript, which calculates
the nth Fibonacci Number (If you do not know
how to calculate the Fibonacci Numbers,
search the internet)
• Generate a slider from 2 - 20
• Generate an additional label
• When the user changes the value with the
slider, calculate the nth Fiboncci Number and
show it in the label
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164
HINT
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165
EX 2
• Download Lena
– http://sipi.usc.edu/database/preview/misc/4.2.04
.png
• Create a new Cascades Projekt
• Create an ImageView with Lena
• Create an ActionItem in the context of the
ImageView
– Rotate the Image on each click on the action item
[email protected]
166
EX 2
• Create an ActionItem for a Page-Action
• If it is triggered, change the visibility of Lena
– If Lena is visibile -> invisibile
– If Lena is invisibile -> visibile
• Change the text of the ActionItem on each
click („visible“ <-> „invisible“)
[email protected]
167
EX 3
• Create a new BlackBerry Projekt with a
Navigation Pane
• Study the sourcecode
• Create a new Button and create an other Page
as a new qml file
• If the new button is clicked, open the new
page
• If there isn‘t a back button on the page, add it.
[email protected]
168
EX 3
• Create on the new page a button, which
opens another page
• Create an application menu with an
ActionItem
• If it is triggered, pop all pages until the first
page is reached
[email protected]
169
MOBILE COMPUTING
WAHLPFLICHTFACH BLACKBERRY
Sommersemester 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Andre Pura
RECAPITULATION
• Development in BB10
–
–
–
–
–
HTML
Native C++
Adobe Air
Cascades
Android Emulator
• Elements of an application
–
–
–
–
–
GUI in QML
Code in C++
Description Files (z.B. Mainfest)
Assets
You can use JavaScript in QML
[email protected]
171
RECAPITULATION
• 2 types of applications
– Drill-Down
– Tabs
• Important GUI Elements
– Container
– Label
– ImageView
– Button
– TextField
[email protected]
172
RECAPITULATION
• Menus
– Context Menu
– Page Context Menu
– Application Menu
• ActionItem
[email protected]
173
RECAPITULATION
• Communication between QML and C++
– Generate Object in C++ and pass it to QML
– PropertyMap
– Import C++ Class in QML and generate objects
[email protected]
174
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK
[email protected]
175
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK
• Use the invocation framework to call an other
application
• Messages can be used to pass data
• Configure your own application to be
invokable from other applications
• It is possible to invoke an application without
knowing the name of the other application.
Only the task is necessary
[email protected]
176
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK
• An Invocation Request is the message sent to
the system to inform the system that an
application should be invoked
• Invocation Request can be used to inform
another application about changes
• Attributes of a message
– Target
– Action
– Data
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177
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK - ATTRIBUTE
• Target
– Each target application has an unique identifier
– The „reverse DNS“ scheme is used (eg
com.example.myapp)
• Action
– Descripts the task which should be done
– To call an defined action, the „reverse DNS“ scheme is
used (eg com.example.myapp.VIEW)
– There are some predefined actions
– These actions start with bb.action.
[email protected]
178
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK - ATTRIBUTE
• Data
– Data is passed as MIME type or URI
• URI describes where the data can be found
• MIME type descripes the kind of data
– A small amout of data (< 16kb) can be sent
directly, if the URI is data://local
– Own MIME Types start with application/vnd (eg
application/vnd.mycompany.mydata)
[email protected]
179
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – BOUND VS
UNBOUND INVOCATIONS
• Bound Invocation
– Knwon target
– Start a known
application directly
• Unbound Invocation
– Known task
– If no task is defined,
the Invocation
Framework calls
bb.action.VIEW
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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180
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – BOUND
INVOCATION
Quelle: http://devblog.blackberry.com/2012/11/bbm-invocation-framework/
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181
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – UNBOUND
INVOCATION
Quelle: http://supportforums.blackberry.com/t5/Cascades-Development/Open-browser-from-app/td-p/1952547
[email protected]
182
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – PROBLEMS
SENDING DATA
• A small amount of data can be sent directly
• If the URI is used, be aware, that the called application
can access the data
• If the called application cannot access the file directly,
it is copied to the called application‘s directory
• It is possible to control this behaviour using the
following attributes:
–
–
–
–
Preserve
CopyReadOnly
CopyReadWrite
Link
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183
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – MULTIPLE FILES
• Sent multiple files, adapt the MIME type
– filelist/mixed
– filelist/document
– filelist/media
• If all files in the same directory, the URI is the path to
this directory
• If the files are in different directories, a JSON with the
paths is required
[email protected]
184
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – CORE
APPLICATIONS
• A lot of the standard applications can invoked
using the invocation framework
Quelle: http://supportforums.blackberry.com/t5/Cascades-Development/Open-browser-from-app/td-p/1952547
[email protected]
185
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – RECEIVING
INVOCATIONS
• It is possible to receive Invocation Requests
from other applications
• Therefore you have to define your application
as a target in the bar-descriptor.xml (Manifest)
[email protected]
186
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – RECEIVING
INVOCATIONS
• In addition, some lines of C++ code is required
• The application have to known in which state
it was started
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187
[email protected]
188
Connect to the InvocationManager
[email protected]
189
React on the kind of
start
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190
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – TARGET FILTER
• Applications, which can do the job, will be
identified by target filters
• These Filters are a part of <invoke-target> in the
Manifest
• Attribute
– Filter: Descripts the criteria of a filter
– Action: The action, which can be called
– MIME Type: The kind of file/data which can be
opened
– Uris: A scheme for the URI
– Exts: the allowed extensions
[email protected]
191
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – TARGET FILTER
• There are some rules:
– The URI cannot only be a Wildcard-Character (*)
– If bb.action.VIEW or bb.action.OPEN is defined as an
action and if the MIME type is a wildcard , the URI
cannot be data:// or file://
– If URI equals to data:// or file:// and the MIME type is
a wildcard, there must be at least an extension that is
not a wildcard
• If a rule is violated, you are not able to install the
application on the device (Error: 884 Restricted
Invoke Filter)
[email protected]
192
EXAMPLES TARGET FILTER
• Allowed
– actions=bb.action.OPEN; types=*;uris=http://;
– actions=bb.action.OPEN,bb.action.VIEW; types=*; uris=file://;
exts=jpg,gif,tif;
– actions=bb.action.VIEW; types=*; uris=data://; exts=jpg,gif,tif;
• Not allowed
– actions=bb.action.OPEN,bb.action.VIEW,bb.action.SET; types=*;
uris=file://;
– actions=bb.action.OPEN; types=*; uris=data://;
– actions=bb.action.VIEW; types=*; uris=*;
– actions=bb.action.VIEW; types=*;
– actions=bb.action.OPEN,bb.action.VIEW; types=*; uris=file://;
exts=*;
[email protected]
193
EXAMPLES TARGET FILTER
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194
EXAMPLES TARGET FILTER
2 Filter
[email protected]
195
EXAMPLE TARGET FILTER
Filter for PNG
or JPEG files
which are in the
data or in a message
Filter for a URI
with the
extension of .png
or .jpg
[email protected]
196
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – HOW CAN THE
FRAMEWORK DETERMINE THE RIGHT TARGET?
• If an unbound invoke is sent to the Invocation
Framework, it tries to determine the right
target (Process is called Invocation Brokering)
• An application is used in the process if ...
– the action matches
– every application used for the process, if no action
is defined
[email protected]
197
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – HOW CAN THE
FRAMEWORK DETERMINE THE RIGHT TARGET?
• At this point the MIME type and URI schemes are compared
– URI Schema is equal? (if the extension is set, only if it matches too)
– MIME Type equal?
• Sorting the applications
– Most matching URI scheme (from the number of matching
characteristics)
– If there are equal filters, the MIME type is compared
– An explicit match is better than a wildcard
– If there are equal filters at this point, the URI extensions are compared
– If there are equal filters, the system default is used
– If there is no system default, the oldest filter is used
[email protected]
198
INVOCATION FRAMEWORK – CARD OR
APPLICATION
• There are 2 options showing a preview
– External application
– Card
• The difference can be defined in the task:
– Do you plan to make a „simple“ action with the
data and come back to the application ? -> Card
– Do you want to process the data with a lot of
different methods and proceed working in the
new application ? -> external application
[email protected]
199
CARDS
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200
CARDS
• Cards can be used to provide the whole
functionality or a part of it to another
application
• Usually specialised tasks are used for cards
• The card is pushed over the calling application
without closing it
• An application can only call a single card by
the time. But a card can call another card
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201
CARDS - KINDS
• There are three kinds of cards:
Picker
Composer
Previewer
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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202
CARDS - KINDS
• Picker
– Pick existing content to use in the application (eg
Files)
• Composer
– Generate or edit existing content
• Previewer
– Preview content
• The kind of the card defined the animation of the
card and how peek is handled.
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203
CARDS – TRANSITION – COMPOSER AND
PICKER
• The transition between the application and
the card is defined by the kind
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
204
CARDS – TRANSITION - PREVIEWER
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
205
CARDS – PEEKING
• The Previewer support full peeking
• The Composer and Picker only support
peeking on the action bar
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
206
CARDS - DESIGN
• BlackBerry defines in the GUI Guidelines some
rules
• Cards must support both orientations
[email protected]
207
CARDS
• Cards are called using invocations
• If the user closes the card, an signal is emitted
and can be used by the calling application
• Previewer closes without an signal
• Emitting the closing signal for a Composer is
optional
• Usually you want to have a closing signal when a
Picker is used
• It is also possible to close a card from the calling
application
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208
CARDS - CODE
• React on peek
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209
CARDS - CODE
• React on response
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210
CARDS - REGISTER
• Card must be registered in the manifest
[email protected]
211
CARDS - STARTMODE
• If an application is started, it must be
identified, if the application was called by
another application as a card or not
[email protected]
212
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213
Connect to „invoked“ signal
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214
Is the application called as a
card?
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215
CARDS - STARTMODE
• Wait for the „invoked“ signal and react on it
[email protected]
216
CARDS – SEND A RESPONSE
• If the card is closed, you can/must provide dan
response
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217
CARDS – RESIZE AND ORIENTATION
• Each card must support both orientations
• It is possible, that the card is resized (eg if a
virtual keyboard is required). The card must
react on these kind of changes
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218
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219
Connect to resize signal
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220
Function, which is called on an
emitted signal
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221
EXAMPLES OF INVOCATIONS
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222
MENU INTEGRATION
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223
INTEGRATION IN THE CONTEXT MENU
• As we have learned, it is possible generate a
context menu
• But it is possible that the operation system
BB10 adds more elements automatically
• And what is even better:
It is possible to be added in other applications as
well
[email protected]
224
INTEGRATION INS CONTEXT MENU
• „Normal“ integration in the contextmenu
• Integrate the selection of the operation system
• Which applications are integrated is decided by
BB10 using the filters
[email protected]
225
ACTIVE FRAME
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226
ACTIVE FRAME
• An Active Frame visual
state of the thubnailed
application
• The frame can be static or
dynamic
• A simple static cover is
better than a missing
cover
• The cover itself cannot be
interactive: if the user
clicks on it, the
application is going to the
fullscreen state
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
227
ACTIVE FRAME
• A dynamic active frame
should be updated
rarely
• Different resolutions
require different active
frames
• Sometimes less
information is more ...
• Style: SlatePro, regular
weight, 30px height
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
228
ACTIVE FRAME – STYLE GUIDELINES
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
229
ACTIVE FRAME – STYLE GUIDELINES
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
230
ACTIVE FRAME - STATIC
• Register the components to use them in QML
• Generate the Cover for the active frame in QML
[email protected]
231
ACTIVE FRAME - STATISCH
• Initialize the cover
• Set the cover
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232
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
• Usually an dynamic active frame is set in C++
• Be aware of the update cycles
• The dynamic content must provide additional
information for the user
• The first update can be triggers by calling
update() or by connect to the thumb nailed
signal (preferred)
[email protected]
233
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
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234
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
Load GUI from QML
[email protected]
235
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
Trigger first update
[email protected]
236
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
[email protected]
237
ACTIVE FRAME - DYNAMIC
Trigger the update
every 2 hours
Call the first update,
when the appication
is thumbnailed
[email protected]
238
ACTIVE FRAME – DYNAMIC- SET
[email protected]
239
EXAMPLES OF ACTIVE FRAMES
[email protected]
240
PROJECT
•
•
•
•
Groups of 4
Think about a small project
Development time per person: 10 -15h
Kick Off Presentation on Thursday
–
–
–
–
–
–
5-10 min about your project
1st Slide: Name of the group, members
Which steps do you need to reach your goal?
Who is responsible for which part ?
Which API do you want to use
Is there an equal application in the market? If there is an equal application,
why is your application „better“?
• Send me your commented project until the 5th of July
– Source
– Compiled BAR File
– PDF with more information about your project (Members, goal, achievements)
[email protected]
241
EX 1
• Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
• Create 5 Buttons
• Use the invocation framework to connect the clicked
signal from the buttons to:
– Open a browser with orf.at
– Create an eMail with: subject: „Hallo Composer“, text:
„how are you doing ?“
– Open an image
– Open the BlackBerry World
– Generate a new „Remember“ message with: „VO nicht
vergessen“ and the description: „Das darf ich einfach nicht
vergessen“
[email protected]
242
EX 1
• Create another button
• This button is used in Ex2
[email protected]
243
EX 2
•
•
•
•
Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
Create an ImageView
Set an Invoke Filter for this application
If the application is Invoked, the ImageView
should show the passed image.
[email protected]
244
EX 2
• Add the following function to the additional
button from Ex1
– Start application from Ex2 with an image using the
invocation framework
• Try to start application2 from the first
application
[email protected]
245
EX 3
• Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
• Generate a QML file for an active frame
• Set the active frame for the application
• Additional:
– Replace the static active frame with a dynamic
frame
– Create a timer and count a number up in the
active frame
[email protected]
246
MOBILE COMPUTING
WAHLPFLICHTFACH BLACKBERRY
Sommersemester 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Andre Pura
RECAPITULATION
• Development in BB10
–
–
–
–
–
HTML
Native C++
Adobe Air
Cascades
Android Emulator
• Elements of an application
–
–
–
–
GUI in QML
Code in C++
Description Files (z.B. Mainfest)
Assets (wobei GUIs auch Assets sind)
• You can use JavaScript in QML
[email protected]
248
RECAPITULATION
• 2 types of applications
– Drill-Down
– Tabs
• Important GUI Elements
– Container
– Label
– ImageView
– Button
– TextField
[email protected]
249
RECAPITULATION
• Menus
– Context Menu
– Page Context Menu
– Application Menu
• ActionItem
[email protected]
250
RECAPITULATION
• Communication between QML and C++
– Generate Object in C++ and pass it to QML
– PropertyMap
– Import C++ Class in QML and generate objects
[email protected]
251
RECAPITULATION
• ActiveFrame can be static and dynamic
• Usually, dynamic frames are generated in C++
• An ActiveFrame must support both
orientations and resizing
• A lot of updates drain the battery
[email protected]
252
DATA STORAGE
[email protected]
253
CASCADES ACCES DATA
• Cascades has an advanced system access data
• This system has different elements
[email protected]
254
CASCADES ACCES DATA- ELEMENTE
Raw Daten,
eg JSON
[email protected]
255
CASCADES ACCES DATA- ELEMENTE
Access to the raw data
Eg to generate new files
[email protected]
256
CASCADES ACCES DATA- ELEMENTE
Adapter to connect the GUI to
acces data from QML simple and
fast
[email protected]
257
CASCADES ACCES DATA- ELEMENTE
Sorts and organizes the data to
show it in the best way
[email protected]
258
CASCADES ACCES DATA- ELEMENTE
The graphical
representation of the
data
[email protected]
259
FILE SYSTEM
• There are different permissions for different
folders and files
• Data, which is deployed within the
application, must be in the assets directory
• The „working directory“ (application root) is
the directory where the application is
executed
• It is not allowed to place any data in the
„working directory“ programmatically
[email protected]
260
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
261
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Application root (r)1
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
262
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Installation
directory (r)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
263
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Binary Files and other
application ressources
(r)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
264
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Images, media files and
qml documents (r)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
265
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
The application has full access to
this directory. It is application‘s
„Home“ directory (rw)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
266
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Databases (rw)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
267
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Log Files (r)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
268
Shared
Folder: The - STRUCTUR
FILE
SYSTEM
subfolders contain the
shared files for all
applications. If the
permission „access_shared“
is set, the application is
allowed to write. (rws)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
269
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
This folder contains data, which is
shared with other applications
using the invocation framework
(rw)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
270
FILE SYSTEM - STRUCTUR
Temporary folder: This directory is
used to save temporary files. QNX
can delete this directory, if the
appication is closed (rw)
1
[email protected]
r = read
w = write
s = symbolic
271
FILESYSTEM – WORKING DIRECTORY
• Different names
– Application Root
– Current Directory
– Sandbox
• Access data using relative or absolute path
– ./data
– /accounts/1000/appdata/namespace.application/
data
[email protected]
272
FILESYSTEM – WORKING DIRECTORY
• Access the directories using QDir
• currentPath
– Path to the Working Directory of the application
• homePath
– Path to the data directory of the application
• tempPath
– Path to the temp directory
[email protected]
273
FILESYSTEM - ASSETS
• The assets directory is read only
• If a non source code file should be deployed with
the application, it must be placed in the assets
folder
• If you try to change a file in the assets directory, it
must be copied to an other directory with the
appropriate persmissions (eg ./data)
• The folder can be accessed from QML using
„asset:///name“
[email protected]
274
FILESYSTEM – ASSETS - EXAMPLE
• Example: An image should be packed with the
application, changed when the application is
called the first time and showed an the
following starts of the application
[email protected]
275
FILESYSTEM – ASSETS - EXAMPLE
• Example: An image should be packed with the
application, changed when the application is
called the first time and showed an the
following starts of the application
– Copy the image to ./data and then manipulate it
– Or change the image and save it to ./data
[email protected]
276
FILESYSTEM – ASSETS - EXAMPLE
• Example: An image should be packed with the
application, changed when the application is
called the first time and showed an the
following starts of the application
– Copy the image to ./data and then manipulate it
– Or change the image and save it to ./data
– When the application is started, check if the image
exists in ./data. If it exists, load it from ./data.
Otherwise it must be loaded from the assets
folder
[email protected]
277
FILESYSTEM – READ/WRITE
• Before you can access a file, it must be
checked if the parent directory exists.
• QDir can be used
– Use QDir::cd(QString) to check if a directory exists
– Use QDir::mkpath(QString) to generate a directory
and all its non-existing parent directories
• Use QFile to access files
[email protected]
278
FILESYSTEM – READ/WRITE
• Write
• Read
[email protected]
279
JSON DATA
• JSON is often used to save data
• Name:Value Pairs are saved or a batch of objects
(more information: http://www.json.org/)
• It is possible to load JSON data and pass it to da
datamodel
• For processing JsonDataAccess is used
• Arrays are read as QVariantList
• Objects are read as QVariantMap
• The bb::data library is required for processing
JSON data (LIBS += -lbbdata)
[email protected]
280
JSON - CODE
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281
JSON - CODE
Generate the
data model
Attributes of a
JSON object
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282
JSON - CODE
Load JSON
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283
JSON - CODE
Connect the datamodel with
JSON
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284
JSON - QML
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285
XML DATA
• It is also possible to store data in a structured way
using the XML scheme
• Is very common
• Easier for humans to read
• HTML is in the XML scheme
• Accessing data in QML can be done using
XMLDataAccess
• It is necessary to link against bb::data Library
(LIBS += -lbbdata)
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286
XML DATA
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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287
XML DATA- CODE
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288
READ XML IN QML
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289
SQL - DATA
• It is better to store a higher amount of data in
a „real“ database
• Tables
• External and local databases
• SqlDataAcces to access the data
• The bb::data library is required (LIBS += lbbdata)
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290
SQL READ
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291
SQL WRITE
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292
SQL WRITE
Generate database
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293
SQL WRITE
Open database
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294
SQL WRITE
Connect to database
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295
SQL WRITE
Generate table and
instert data
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296
DATASOURCE QML
• SQL, JSON or XML can be loaded using QML only
• DataSource must be imported
• Local and external DataSource can accessed
• A DataSource can be used to organize the data in
QML
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297
DATASOURCE QML – EXTERNAL XML
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298
GROUPEDATAMODEL
• This model is required to sort data for a list
• It is possible to sort by different attributes
• A combination of attributes is also possible
– z.B. Name, Date of Birth
• The following data types cen be sort:
Char, Date, Datetime, Double, Int, LongLong, String,
Time, UInt, ULongLong, Url
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299
GROUPEDATAMODEL
• It is possible to group elments
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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300
GROUPEDATAMODEL - QML
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301
GROUPEDATAMODEL - QML
Sort by:
firstName
lastName, if the firstName is equal
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302
GROUPEDATAMODEL - QML
How should the entry look like?
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303
STANDARDLISTITEM
• A StandardListItem can have the following
attributes
– Image
– ImageSource
– Title
– Status
– Description
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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304
STANDARDLISTITEM
• A StandardListItem can have the following
attributes
– Image
– ImageSource
– Title
– Status
– Description
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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305
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RSS = XML
External source
Linking against –lbbdata is required
Register the type to use in QML
Generate DataSource and Groupmodel
Generate a list
Load
Done
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306
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RSS = XML
External source
Linking against –lbbdata is required
Register the type to use in QML
Generate DataSource and Groupmodel
Generate a list
Load
Done
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307
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
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308
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
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309
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
No grouping and sort by the
date of publishing
url to the RSS feed and
where the single items can
be found
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310
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
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311
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
/rss/channel/item
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312
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
If there is existing data,
delete it and add the new
data
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313
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
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314
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
Connect the list with the
DataModel
How a ListItem looks like
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315
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
Load RSS Feed
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316
EXAMPLE: HOW TO READ A RSS FEED?
Load RSS Feed
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317
COMMUNICATION
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318
NETWORKING
• In mobile computing it is in a lot of cases
necessary to communicate with a server
• A request is sent to a server
• A reply is received
• It is necessary to allow the application access
the internet by setting the permission
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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319
NETWORKING
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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320
NETWORKING
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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321
NETWORKING
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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322
PUSH
• Push is used to send a small amount of data to
n devices
• It is possible to push up to 8kb of data
• A server distributes the push notification to n
devices
• Usually push is used to inform the user about
new information
• A new push message should be displayed
using notifications
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323
PUSH
1. The Content Provider sends PushRequest
2. The BlackBerry server replies
3. The BlackBerry server sends data to the
devices
4. The devices reply
5. The BlackBerry server passes the replies
to the Content Provider
6. The Content Provider approves the
receiving of the replies
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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324
PUSH
• It is possible to send a message to
– A single device (unicast)
– All registered devices (broadcast)
– A part of the registered devices (multicast)
• It is better to use push, than pulling content in
the background
• BIS (BlackBerry Internet Service) BES (BlackBerry
Enterprise Service) Push
• To use BIS push, an application must be
registered
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325
PUSH - MANIFEST
• Permessions to receive push messages
• Using the invocation framework, the
application is startet with the pushed data
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326
PUSH - MANIFEST
• Permissions to receive push messages
Using the bb.action.push, it is
possible to identify, that the
application was started using
push
• Using the invocation framework, the
application is started with the pushed data
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327
PUSH - MANIFEST
• To start the application, when the notification
is clicked:
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328
PUSH - MANIFEST
• To start the application, when the notification
is clicked:
The BlackBerry Hub tries to launch
BB_OPEN_INVOCATION_ACTION,
which is equal to bb.action.OPEN
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329
PUSH - CODE
• If BB10 receives a push notification, it passes it to the
registered application
• The application decides what happens with the message
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330
PUSH - CODE
• If BB10 receives a push notification, it passes it to the
registered application
• The application decides what happens with the message
If a push notification is send to the
application, a notification in the hub
can be initialized
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331
PUSH - CODE
• If the user clicks on a notification in the
BlackBerry Hub the application is invoked using
BB_OPEN_INVOCATION_ACTION
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332
PUSH - CODE
• If the user clicks on a notification in the
BlackBerry Hub the application is invoked using
BB_OPEN_INVOCATION_ACTION
The application was called form the
Hub using an invocation from a
notification
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333
NOTIFICATIONS
• Notifications are used to
inform the user about an
incoming event
• An event can be e.g. a
message, an update, ...
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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334
SET A NOTIFICATION PROGRAMMATICALLY
• It is easy so set an notification
programmatically
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335
SET A NOTIFICATION PROGRAMMATICALLY
• It is easy so set an notification
programmatically
Initialize the notification
Set title and text
Initialize the invocation
Sent the notification to
the BlackBerry Hub
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336
DELETE A NOTIFICATION
• You should delete the notification from the
hub, if it was consumed
• Single notification
• All notifications
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337
NOTIFICATION - QML
• Notifications can be initializied using WML
• Configure it:
• And deliver it to the hub
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338
EX 1
•
•
•
•
Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
Create a txt file in the assets folder
Generate 2 buttons
If Button1 is clicked, load the content of the
textfile and save it to a QString
• Show the content in a textarea (editable)
• If Button2 is clicked, copy the content of the
textarea to a new file in the shared documents
folder
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339
EX 2
• Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
• Read the RSS Feed from the FH
Hagenberghttp://www.fhooe.at/index.php?id=94&type=100
• Show the title and publisher date in a list
• Sort the list by publishing date
• Optional: group the entries by categories
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340
EX 3
• Create a new BB Cascades Projekt
• Create 2 Buttons
• If button1 is clicked, generate a notification
and send it to the hub
• If button2 is clicked, dismiss the notifications
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341
MOBILE COMPUTING
WAHLPFLICHTFACH BLACKBERRY
Sommersemester 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Andre Pura
RECAPITULATION
• Development in BB10
–
–
–
–
–
HTML
Native C++
Adobe Air
Cascades
Android Emulator
• Elements of an application
–
–
–
–
GUI in QML
Code in C++
Description Files (z.B. Mainfest)
Assets (wobei GUIs auch Assets sind)
• You can use JavaScript in QML
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343
RECAPITULATION
• 2 types of applications
– Drill-Down
– Tabs
• Important GUI Elements
– Container
– Label
– ImageView
– Button
– TextField
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344
RECAPITULATION
• Menus
– Context Menu
– Page Context Menu
– Application Menu
• ActionItem
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345
RECAPITULATION
• Communication between QML and C++
– Generate Object in C++ and pass it to QML
– PropertyMap
– Import C++ Class in QML and generate objects
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346
RECAPITULATION
• ActiveFrame can be static and dynamic
• Usually, dynamic frames are generated in C++
• An ActiveFrame must support both
orientations and resizing
• A lot of updates drain the battery
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347
RECAPITULATION
• The file system has three different areas
– Shared
– Shared Invoke
– Application area
• The different areas have different permissions
• It is possible to access XML, JSON and SQL from
QML directly
• DataSources are used to get content
• The DataModel organizes and sorts the data
• Lists are used to show content
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348
RECAPITULATION
• A small amount of data can be sent to a device
/ devices using push
• Applications can be called using a push
message
• In the hub push messages can be showed as a
notification
• Notifications are visible in the hub
• On click on a notification an invoke is sent to
the invocation framework
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349
COMMUNICATION
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350
NFC (NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION)
•
•
•
•
•
•
A lot of mobile devices have NFC
It is possible to exchange data in a short range
NFC can be used C++ and Cascades/Qt
Not all interfaces can be found in Cascades/Qt
Simpler using Cascades/Qt
Best way: Invocation Framework
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351
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK
• Usually NFC is used to
exchange simple data
• NFC Share Card using
Invocation
• Action for the Invocation:
bb.action.SHARE
• If the user chooses NFC, a
preview of the content is
shown
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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352
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK
• If the sent data is too big using
NFC, a Bluetooth handshake is
initialized
• The content is submitted using
Bluetooth
• Files are always sent using
Bluetooth
• Data can be sent using NFC
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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353
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK: FILE
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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354
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK: DATA
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355
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK:
SQUENCEDIAGRAM
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356
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK DATA
• Direct connection, if data < 1 kb
• If the receiving device can handle the
incoming data
• Sender:
– mimeType = application/vnd.rim.nfc.ndef
– uri is empty
– data = <byte array representation of custom NDEF
message>
– action = bb.action.SHARE
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357
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK DATA
• Receiver:
– Registered with the Invocation Framework
bb.action.OPEN
– mimeType = application/vnd.rim.nfc.ndef
– uri = <filter>, z.B. <property var="uris"
value="ndef://1/Sp"/>
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358
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK DATA
• Data should be sent to a known application
(z.B. Browser)
– mimeType = “text/plain” or mimeType =
“text/URI-list”
– uri is Empty.
– data = <text representation of your payload>
– action = bb.action.SHARE
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359
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK DATA
• NDEF schemes known by BlackBerry:
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360
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK EXAMPLE
DATA
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361
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK EXAMPLE
DATA
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362
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK FILE
• mimeType = <your custom mime Type>.
Example:application/myapp1.
• uri = <URI encoded string to a local file located
on sending device>. Example:
file:///shared/myapp1/sound1.mp3
• data = “”
• action = bb.action.SHARE
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363
NFC – INVOCATION FRAMEWORK EXAMPLE
FILE
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364
NFC – CASCADES/QT
• Using Data or File
• NfcShareManager
• You have to inform the user about the
different steps
• It is necessary to handle alle sharing events
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365
NFC – CASCADES/QT: DATA
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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366
NFC – CASCADES/QT: FILE
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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367
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
• It is possible to share data and files
– NfcShareDataContent
– NfcShareFilesContent
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368
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
• It is possible to share data and files
– NfcShareDataContent
– NfcShareFilesContent
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369
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
• Data is passed to NfcShareManager
• Data is valid until
– Is was used
– the ShareMode is set to disabled
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370
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
• Data is passed to NfcShareManager
• Data is valid until
– Is was used
share
data
– the ShareModeExample
is settoto
disabled
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371
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
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372
NFC – CASCADES/QT: SEND
In difference to sending data, uri is
passed here.
Bluetooth will be activated and the
data is sent using it
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373
NFC – CASCADES/QT: RECEIVE
• To receive a NFC invocation, register the
application
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374
NFC – CASCADES/QT: RECEIVE
• To receive a NFC invocation, register the
application
Types which are supported by the
application
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375
NFC – CASCADES/QT: RECEIVE
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
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376
NFC – CASCADES/QT: RECEIVE
377
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
BLACKBERRYMESSENGER (BBM)
• Beside other communication channels, BlackBerry
Messanger provides a unique way for communication
• encrypted
• BBM has a lot of features
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Status updates
Video calls
Voice calls
Pin-To-Pin Messeging
Screen sharing
Text messeges
Groups
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378
BBM CONNECT
• It is possible to connect applications to BBM
• Event driven
• It is possible to access
– BBM user profile
– Contact list
– Messaging
– Application profile box
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379
BBM – BEST PRACTISE
• Sending invitations and messages
– Make sure that users are the ones who initiate
requests to engage other users.
– If users want to invite others to join games,
forums, or chats, you can allow users to enter
their own text or you can provide default text
– Include a contextual link in messages that
recipients receive, where possible.
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380
BBM – BEST PRACTISE
• Choosing contacts
– Provide contacts with filter options, if possible and
if meaningful to the task.
– Allow users to filter contacts by contact categories
that they created in BBM.
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381
BBM – BEST PRACTISE
• Chats
– Make sure that users have the ability to choose the
people that they want to chat with.
– When a chat begins, expose the chat interface
– Make sure that you design your screens so that users
can access key features when the chat interface is
open.
– Make a chat interface available on multiple screens in
your application
– If your application supports multiple chats, make sure
that users have a way to switch between chats.
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382
BBM – BEST PRACTISE
• Profile boxes
– Give users the option to add information
– Always ask permission before updating
– If users allow your application to update their personal
message, use the personal message field to describe a
quality that is attributed to the user
– Include only new events that users accomplish or specific
activities that are meaningful milestones in a profile box.
– Provide a succinct description for each event in the profile
box
– Include a meaningful icon for the activity or event.
– Create icons that are 119 x 119 pixels.
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383
BBM CONNECT
• Register application with BBM
• Update BBM status
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384
BBM CONNECT
• Register application with BBM
• Update BBM status
Call the C++ function to
update the BBM status
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385
BBM CONNECT
• Register application with BBM
• Update BBM status
Update the status
[email protected]
386
LOCATION SERVICES
• Location services are very important do the
users
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387
LOCATION SERVICES
• Location services are very important to the
users
– Provide location based services
– Provide location based advertisment
– Routing
– Maps enriched applications
– Combine location services with other services
[email protected]
388
LOCATION SERVICES
• Three different parts:
– Positioning: Find the location of a device using
GPS satellites, cell ID, or Wi-Fi positioning.
– Geocoding: Find coordinates for a street address
(geocoding), or find a street address for geospatial
coordinates (reverse geocoding).
– Mapping: Display a location in a MapView or
integrate with the BlackBerry Maps application.
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389
LOCATION SERVICES
• Difference between
– GPS Positioning
– Celluar Positioning
– WiFi Positioning
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390
LOCATION SERVICES
• Init location service
• Retrieve a single position
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391
LOCATION SERVICES
• Continues updates
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392
LOCATION SERVICES
• Continues updates
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393
LOCATION SERVICES
• If continuous updates are received, connect to
the timeout signal
[email protected]
394
LOCATION SERVICES
• If continuous updates are received, connect to
the timeout signal
[email protected]
395
LOCATION SERVICES
• Updates are provided every 5 seconds
– Set the interval
• Are updates required in „background“
[email protected]
396
GEOPOSITIONS
• Information from the geo position
– QGeoCoordinate
– Direction
– GroundSpeed
– VerticalSpeed
– MagneticVariation
– HorizontalAccuracy
– Vertical Accuracy
– Timestamp
[email protected]
397
(REVERSE) GEOCODING
• Reverse geocoding is used to convert a GPS
position into an address
– Used to make a position human readable
• Geocoding is used to find coordinates for a
given address
– Used to make an address machine readable
[email protected]
398
REVERSE GEOCODING
[email protected]
399
REVERSE GEOCODING
[email protected]
400
REVERSE GEOCODING
Get the service
providers
[email protected]
401
REVERSE GEOCODING
Set the coordinates
for the reverse
process
[email protected]
402
REVERSE GEOCODING
Connect to the error
and finished signal
[email protected]
403
REVERSE GEOCODING
Slots for the
signals
[email protected]
404
GEOCODING
[email protected]
405
REVERSE GEOCODING
[email protected]
406
REVERSE GEOCODING
Get the service
providers
[email protected]
407
REVERSE GEOCODING
Set the coordinates
for the coding
process
[email protected]
408
REVERSE GEOCODING
Connect to the error
and finished signal
[email protected]
409
REVERSE GEOCODING
Slots for the
signals
[email protected]
410
MAPS
• BlackBerry maps is installed
on all BlackBerry 10 devices
• It can be used in a static or
dynamic way
– MapView
– MapGenerator
[email protected]
411
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
STATIC MAP
• Initialize the map generator
• Process the reply
[email protected]
412
STATIC MAP
• Initialize the map generator
• Process the reply
[email protected]
413
MAPVIEW
• Link against LIBS += -lbbcascadesmaps
• A graphics user interface (GUI) control that
displays a map along with user-defined
geographic elements, which can be points of
interest or other location-aware elements.
• All data shown on the map is provided by the
MapData object
• It still exists, if the MapView is destroyed
[email protected]
414
MAPVIEW
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415
MAPVIEW
Initialize the
first position
[email protected]
416
MAPVIEW
Connect to the
signal
[email protected]
417
ADVERTISMENT SERVICE
• Provides ads from different platforms
• Simple to integrate
• A lot of statistics about the usage
[email protected]
418
ADVERTISMENT SERVICE
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
[email protected]
419
ADVERTISMENT SERVICE : STEPS
• Register at
http://adservices.blackberry.com/register/
• LIBS += -lbbcascadesadvertisement
• Set persmissions
– Device Identifying
– GPS Location (optional)
• Register type
[email protected]
420
ADVERTISMENT SERVICE : STEPS
• Import in QML
• QML
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421
ADDTIONAL INFORMATION
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422
BUILD FOR BB
• Criteria
–
–
–
–
–
–
User Benefits
User Experience
Performance
Service Integration
Security
Internationalization
• Benefits
– Additional area in the BlackBerry World
– Additional advertisment at different events
– A „thank you“ gift
• https://developer.blackberry.com/builtforblackberry/
[email protected]
423
CASCADES ROADMAP
https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/download/roadmap/
[email protected]
424
VENDOR REGISTRATION
• No registration or submission fees. None. $0.00
• Multiple monetization opportunities with in-app purchasing,
subscription billing, and mobile ad services
• Crystal clear, transparent submission process
• Increase the discoverability of your apps with a range of "Top 25"
lists that end users can search on both the mobile and desktop
storefront versions of BlackBerry World
• Make it easy for end users to purchase your apps and digital goods
by providing popular payment methods like PayPal, credit card, and
direct to carrier billing (carrier dependent see below...)
• https://developer.blackberry.com/devzone/blackberryworld/apply_
for_a_blackberry_world_membership_account.html#pde13504060
51752
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/devzone/blackberryworld/
[email protected]
425
RELEASE CHECKLIST
• Review tips that can help smooth the approval process and get your
app up on BlackBerry World faster.
• Start with our guidelines for naming your app, then go on to create
great descriptions and images to help get your app noticed.
• Check that your release is ready. Make decisions about app security,
digital rights, export regulations and similar details.
• If you don't already have one, apply for a membership account on
the vendor portal.
• Review guidelines and criteria to give your app the best chance for
a quick approval for sale on BlackBerry World.
• Submit your app, create a release, and add any digital goods you
want to sell in your app.
Source: https://developer.blackberry.com/devzone/blackberryworld/
[email protected]
426
ADDITIONAL LINKS
• Documentation
– https://developer.blackberry.com/cascades/documentation/
• BlackBerry News
– http://crackberry.com/
• Developer Forum
– http://supportforums.blackberry.com/t5/Cascades-Development/bdp/Cascades
• Samples
– https://github.com/blackberry/
• Code Snippets
– http://cascadescode.tumblr.com/
• Vendor Portal
– https://appworld.blackberry.com/isvportal/login_input.do?pageId=0
[email protected]
427
COPYRIGHT
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428
EX 1
• Create a new BlackBerry Cascades Project
• Read the JSON Data from
– http://dienststellen.bmf.gv.at/finanzamtsliste.json
• Show the data in a list, sorted by the name
• Generate a second page, which shows the
details of the selected name
• If an entry in the list is triggered, open the
second page with the details for the selected
name
[email protected]
429
EX 1
• Think about useful invocations and include them (at
least 1). If you define the invocation as a context
action, define also an icon! (search for the bb standard
icons on the web)
• Is grouping possible? What would be a good grouping
argument
• Optional:
– Generate a static map of the location and add it to the
details page
– Load the image data included in the json asynchronously
– Implement an Activity Indicator as a loading sign
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HINT
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indexPath
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PROJECT: CERTIFICATE SIGNING
• Signing documents directly an the smartphone
• Used for
– Sign a document on the smartphone to use it in govermental
transactions
– Time logging systems
– Banking application
• Signing server structural is provided
• Usage using the „share“ invocation
• Supported by
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BlackBerry Austria
BlackBerry Germany
mappau
Bundeskanzleramt (BKA)
Genoa
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